Dynamics of climate changes and its effect on the performance of cereals according to satellite data

Aim. To study the effect of climate changes on performance cereals. Methods. Remote, statistical, and analytic methods. Climate were determined by sum radiation temperatures earth’s surface, calculated using data infrared range (10.3–11.3; 11.4–12.4 μm) high precision radiometer AVHRR meteorological satellites Earth, NOAA. The state vegetation, including phenological parameters, such as beginning, end, length vegetation peri- od, was Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) obtained (0.72–1.1 red (0.58–0.68 ranges abovementioned radiometer. satellite are openly accessed website STAR NESDIS NOAA – Satellite Applications Research NOAA’s National En- vironmental Data Information Services Ocean Atmosphere Department USA http://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/emb/vci/VH/. dynamics СО2 concentration in air AIRS/Aqua (https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/AIRS3C2M_005/summary), precipitation ERA5 ECMWF/Copernicus Change Service (https://devel- opers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/ECMWF_ERA5_MONTHLY#description). association be- tween cereals found method correlation regression analysis. Results. Using data, it that 1982–2021, surface reliably increased period (April–September), amount tended to decrease zones Polissia, Forest-Steppe, Steppe. highest tempo warming observed territory In general, had a positive according NDVI, However, recent decade (2010–2020), decreased, NDVI trend, there has been tendency towards negative further increase temperature, which is especially remarkable for Steppe Forest-Steppe. On contrary, Polissia zone created conditions agri- cultural Conclusions. From 1982 till 2021, strong According due warming, vegeta- tion 14–21 days average, vegetation. Since 2010, acceleration observed. average annual tem- peratures 15–16 °С 14–18 18–20 this tendency, if current regularity temperature 1982–2021 preserved nearest future, will additionally increase, reach 4000 notable Forest-Steppe 4440–4600 up 5800–5900 1982–2000, during both index, all three natural climatic zones. after 2000, summer crops, considerably where compared previous 9.41 % 1992–2001, 2012–2021 1.78 %.